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Diffstat (limited to 'doc/gawk.info')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/gawk.info | 1170 |
1 files changed, 613 insertions, 557 deletions
diff --git a/doc/gawk.info b/doc/gawk.info index 2be2c24f..ae3c6f8c 100644 --- a/doc/gawk.info +++ b/doc/gawk.info @@ -615,6 +615,7 @@ entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". * Unix Installation:: Installing `gawk' under various versions of Unix. * Quick Installation:: Compiling `gawk' under Unix. +* Shell Startup Files:: Shell convenience functions. * Additional Configuration Options:: Other compile-time options. * Configuration Philosophy:: How it's all supposed to work. * Non-Unix Installation:: Installation on Other Operating @@ -2918,6 +2919,9 @@ Since `.' is included at the beginning, `gawk' searches first in the current directory and then in `/usr/local/share/awk'. In practice, this means that you will rarely need to change the value of `AWKPATH'. + *Note Shell Startup Files::, for information on functions that help +to manipulate the `AWKPATH' variable. + `gawk' places the value of the search path that it used into `ENVIRON["AWKPATH"]'. This provides access to the actual search path value from within an `awk' program. @@ -2957,6 +2961,9 @@ empty value, `gawk' uses a default path; this is typically `/usr/local/lib/gawk', although it can vary depending upon how `gawk' was built. + *Note Shell Startup Files::, for information on functions that help +to manipulate the `AWKLIBPATH' variable. + `gawk' places the value of the search path that it used into `ENVIRON["AWKLIBPATH"]'. This provides access to the actual search path value from within an `awk' program. @@ -27468,6 +27475,13 @@ Various `.c', `.y', and `.h' files sample extensions included with `gawk'. *Note Dynamic Extensions::, for more information. +`extras/*' + Additional non-essential files. Currently, this directory + contains some shell startup files to be installed in + `/etc/profile.d' to aid in manipulating the `AWKPATH' and + `AWKLIBPATH' environment variables. *Note Shell Startup Files::, + for more information. + `posix/*' Files needed for building `gawk' on POSIX-compliant systems. @@ -27498,11 +27512,12 @@ configure `gawk' for your system yourself. * Menu: * Quick Installation:: Compiling `gawk' under Unix. +* Shell Startup Files:: Shell convenience functions. * Additional Configuration Options:: Other compile-time options. * Configuration Philosophy:: How it's all supposed to work. -File: gawk.info, Node: Quick Installation, Next: Additional Configuration Options, Up: Unix Installation +File: gawk.info, Node: Quick Installation, Next: Shell Startup Files, Up: Unix Installation B.2.1 Compiling `gawk' for Unix-like Systems -------------------------------------------- @@ -27559,9 +27574,43 @@ will be asked for your password, and you will have to have been set up previously as a user who is allowed to run the `sudo' command. -File: gawk.info, Node: Additional Configuration Options, Next: Configuration Philosophy, Prev: Quick Installation, Up: Unix Installation +File: gawk.info, Node: Shell Startup Files, Next: Additional Configuration Options, Prev: Quick Installation, Up: Unix Installation + +B.2.2 Shell Startup Files +------------------------- + +The distribution contains shell startup files `gawk.sh' and `gawk.csh' +containing functions to aid in manipulating the `AWKPATH' and +`AWKLIBPATH' environment variables. On a Fedora system, these files +should be installed in `/etc/profile.d'; on other platforms, the +appropriate location may be different. + +`gawkpath_default' + Reset the `AWKPATH' environment variable to its default value. + +`gawkpath_prepend' + Add the argument to the front of the `AWKPATH' environment + variable. + +`gawkpath_append' + Add the argument to the end of the `AWKPATH' environment variable. + +`gawklibpath_default' + Reset the `AWKLIBPATH' environment variable to its default value. + +`gawklibpath_prepend' + Add the argument to the front of the `AWKLIBPATH' environment + variable. + +`gawklibpath_append' + Add the argument to the end of the `AWKLIBPATH' environment + variable. + + + +File: gawk.info, Node: Additional Configuration Options, Next: Configuration Philosophy, Prev: Shell Startup Files, Up: Unix Installation -B.2.2 Additional Configuration Options +B.2.3 Additional Configuration Options -------------------------------------- There are several additional options you may use on the `configure' @@ -27603,7 +27652,7 @@ that `configure' supplies. File: gawk.info, Node: Configuration Philosophy, Prev: Additional Configuration Options, Up: Unix Installation -B.2.3 The Configuration Process +B.2.4 The Configuration Process ------------------------------- This minor node is of interest only if you know something about using @@ -32910,6 +32959,12 @@ Index (line 63) * gawkextlib: gawkextlib. (line 6) * gawkextlib project: gawkextlib. (line 6) +* gawklibpath_append shell function: Shell Startup Files. (line 29) +* gawklibpath_default shell function: Shell Startup Files. (line 22) +* gawklibpath_prepend shell function: Shell Startup Files. (line 25) +* gawkpath_append shell function: Shell Startup Files. (line 19) +* gawkpath_default shell function: Shell Startup Files. (line 12) +* gawkpath_prepend shell function: Shell Startup Files. (line 15) * General Public License (GPL): Glossary. (line 305) * General Public License, See GPL: Manual History. (line 11) * generate time values: Time Functions. (line 25) @@ -34377,558 +34432,559 @@ Index Tag Table: Node: Top1204 -Node: Foreword342156 -Node: Foreword446548 -Node: Preface47982 -Ref: Preface-Footnote-150853 -Ref: Preface-Footnote-250960 -Ref: Preface-Footnote-351193 -Node: History51335 -Node: Names53683 -Ref: Names-Footnote-154777 -Node: This Manual54923 -Ref: This Manual-Footnote-160752 -Node: Conventions60852 -Node: Manual History63192 -Ref: Manual History-Footnote-166183 -Ref: Manual History-Footnote-266224 -Node: How To Contribute66298 -Node: Acknowledgments67537 -Node: Getting Started72345 -Node: Running gawk74779 -Node: One-shot75969 -Node: Read Terminal77194 -Node: Long79221 -Node: Executable Scripts80737 -Ref: Executable Scripts-Footnote-183526 -Node: Comments83628 -Node: Quoting86101 -Node: DOS Quoting91607 -Node: Sample Data Files92282 -Node: Very Simple94875 -Node: Two Rules99766 -Node: More Complex101652 -Node: Statements/Lines104514 -Ref: Statements/Lines-Footnote-1108970 -Node: Other Features109235 -Node: When110166 -Ref: When-Footnote-1111922 -Node: Intro Summary111987 -Node: Invoking Gawk112870 -Node: Command Line114385 -Node: Options115176 -Ref: Options-Footnote-1130959 -Node: Other Arguments130984 -Node: Naming Standard Input133945 -Node: Environment Variables135038 -Node: AWKPATH Variable135596 -Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-1138896 -Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-2138941 -Node: AWKLIBPATH Variable139201 -Node: Other Environment Variables140344 -Node: Exit Status143835 -Node: Include Files144510 -Node: Loading Shared Libraries148098 -Node: Obsolete149525 -Node: Undocumented150222 -Node: Invoking Summary150489 -Node: Regexp152155 -Node: Regexp Usage153614 -Node: Escape Sequences155647 -Node: Regexp Operators161895 -Ref: Regexp Operators-Footnote-1169329 -Ref: Regexp Operators-Footnote-2169476 -Node: Bracket Expressions169574 -Ref: table-char-classes171591 -Node: Leftmost Longest174531 -Node: Computed Regexps175833 -Node: GNU Regexp Operators179230 -Node: Case-sensitivity182932 -Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-1185822 -Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-2186057 -Node: Regexp Summary186165 -Node: Reading Files187634 -Node: Records189728 -Node: awk split records190460 -Node: gawk split records195374 -Ref: gawk split records-Footnote-1199913 -Node: Fields199950 -Ref: Fields-Footnote-1202748 -Node: Nonconstant Fields202834 -Ref: Nonconstant Fields-Footnote-1205070 -Node: Changing Fields205272 -Node: Field Separators211204 -Node: Default Field Splitting213908 -Node: Regexp Field Splitting215025 -Node: Single Character Fields218375 -Node: Command Line Field Separator219434 -Node: Full Line Fields222646 -Ref: Full Line Fields-Footnote-1223154 -Node: Field Splitting Summary223200 -Ref: Field Splitting Summary-Footnote-1226331 -Node: Constant Size226432 -Node: Splitting By Content231038 -Ref: Splitting By Content-Footnote-1235111 -Node: Multiple Line235151 -Ref: Multiple Line-Footnote-1241040 -Node: Getline241219 -Node: Plain Getline243430 -Node: Getline/Variable246070 -Node: Getline/File247217 -Node: Getline/Variable/File248601 -Ref: Getline/Variable/File-Footnote-1250202 -Node: Getline/Pipe250289 -Node: Getline/Variable/Pipe252972 -Node: Getline/Coprocess254103 -Node: Getline/Variable/Coprocess255355 -Node: Getline Notes256094 -Node: Getline Summary258886 -Ref: table-getline-variants259298 -Node: Read Timeout260127 -Ref: Read Timeout-Footnote-1263941 -Node: Command-line directories263999 -Node: Input Summary264903 -Node: Input Exercises268155 -Node: Printing268883 -Node: Print270660 -Node: Print Examples272117 -Node: Output Separators274896 -Node: OFMT276914 -Node: Printf278268 -Node: Basic Printf279053 -Node: Control Letters280624 -Node: Format Modifiers284608 -Node: Printf Examples290615 -Node: Redirection293097 -Node: Special FD299936 -Ref: Special FD-Footnote-1303093 -Node: Special Files303167 -Node: Other Inherited Files303783 -Node: Special Network304783 -Node: Special Caveats305644 -Node: Close Files And Pipes306595 -Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-1313774 -Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-2313922 -Node: Output Summary314072 -Node: Output Exercises315068 -Node: Expressions315748 -Node: Values316933 -Node: Constants317609 -Node: Scalar Constants318289 -Ref: Scalar Constants-Footnote-1319148 -Node: Nondecimal-numbers319398 -Node: Regexp Constants322398 -Node: Using Constant Regexps322923 -Node: Variables326061 -Node: Using Variables326716 -Node: Assignment Options328626 -Node: Conversion330501 -Node: Strings And Numbers331025 -Ref: Strings And Numbers-Footnote-1334089 -Node: Locale influences conversions334198 -Ref: table-locale-affects336943 -Node: All Operators337531 -Node: Arithmetic Ops338161 -Node: Concatenation340666 -Ref: Concatenation-Footnote-1343485 -Node: Assignment Ops343591 -Ref: table-assign-ops348574 -Node: Increment Ops349852 -Node: Truth Values and Conditions353290 -Node: Truth Values354373 -Node: Typing and Comparison355422 -Node: Variable Typing356215 -Node: Comparison Operators359867 -Ref: table-relational-ops360277 -Node: POSIX String Comparison363792 -Ref: POSIX String Comparison-Footnote-1364864 -Node: Boolean Ops365002 -Ref: Boolean Ops-Footnote-1369481 -Node: Conditional Exp369572 -Node: Function Calls371299 -Node: Precedence375179 -Node: Locales378847 -Node: Expressions Summary380478 -Node: Patterns and Actions383052 -Node: Pattern Overview384172 -Node: Regexp Patterns385851 -Node: Expression Patterns386394 -Node: Ranges390174 -Node: BEGIN/END393280 -Node: Using BEGIN/END394042 -Ref: Using BEGIN/END-Footnote-1396779 -Node: I/O And BEGIN/END396885 -Node: BEGINFILE/ENDFILE399199 -Node: Empty402100 -Node: Using Shell Variables402417 -Node: Action Overview404693 -Node: Statements407020 -Node: If Statement408868 -Node: While Statement410366 -Node: Do Statement412394 -Node: For Statement413536 -Node: Switch Statement416691 -Node: Break Statement419079 -Node: Continue Statement421120 -Node: Next Statement422945 -Node: Nextfile Statement425325 -Node: Exit Statement427955 -Node: Built-in Variables430358 -Node: User-modified431491 -Ref: User-modified-Footnote-1439171 -Node: Auto-set439233 -Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-1452600 -Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-2452805 -Node: ARGC and ARGV452861 -Node: Pattern Action Summary457065 -Node: Arrays459492 -Node: Array Basics460821 -Node: Array Intro461665 -Ref: figure-array-elements463629 -Ref: Array Intro-Footnote-1466153 -Node: Reference to Elements466281 -Node: Assigning Elements468731 -Node: Array Example469222 -Node: Scanning an Array470980 -Node: Controlling Scanning473996 -Ref: Controlling Scanning-Footnote-1479185 -Node: Numeric Array Subscripts479501 -Node: Uninitialized Subscripts481686 -Node: Delete483303 -Ref: Delete-Footnote-1486047 -Node: Multidimensional486104 -Node: Multiscanning489199 -Node: Arrays of Arrays490788 -Node: Arrays Summary495549 -Node: Functions497654 -Node: Built-in498527 -Node: Calling Built-in499605 -Node: Numeric Functions501593 -Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-1506417 -Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-2506774 -Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-3506822 -Node: String Functions507091 -Ref: String Functions-Footnote-1530563 -Ref: String Functions-Footnote-2530692 -Ref: String Functions-Footnote-3530940 -Node: Gory Details531027 -Ref: table-sub-escapes532808 -Ref: table-sub-proposed534328 -Ref: table-posix-sub535692 -Ref: table-gensub-escapes537232 -Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-1538064 -Node: I/O Functions538215 -Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-1545316 -Node: Time Functions545463 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-1555932 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-2556000 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-3556158 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-4556269 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-5556381 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-6556608 -Node: Bitwise Functions556874 -Ref: table-bitwise-ops557436 -Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-1561744 -Node: Type Functions561913 -Node: I18N Functions563062 -Node: User-defined564707 -Node: Definition Syntax565511 -Ref: Definition Syntax-Footnote-1570917 -Node: Function Example570986 -Ref: Function Example-Footnote-1573903 -Node: Function Caveats573925 -Node: Calling A Function574443 -Node: Variable Scope575398 -Node: Pass By Value/Reference578386 -Node: Return Statement581896 -Node: Dynamic Typing584880 -Node: Indirect Calls585809 -Ref: Indirect Calls-Footnote-1597113 -Node: Functions Summary597241 -Node: Library Functions599940 -Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-1603558 -Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-2603701 -Node: Library Names603872 -Ref: Library Names-Footnote-1607332 -Ref: Library Names-Footnote-2607552 -Node: General Functions607638 -Node: Strtonum Function608741 -Node: Assert Function611761 -Node: Round Function615085 -Node: Cliff Random Function616626 -Node: Ordinal Functions617642 -Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-1620707 -Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-2620959 -Node: Join Function621170 -Ref: Join Function-Footnote-1622941 -Node: Getlocaltime Function623141 -Node: Readfile Function626882 -Node: Shell Quoting628852 -Node: Data File Management630253 -Node: Filetrans Function630885 -Node: Rewind Function634944 -Node: File Checking636329 -Ref: File Checking-Footnote-1637657 -Node: Empty Files637858 -Node: Ignoring Assigns639837 -Node: Getopt Function641388 -Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1652848 -Node: Passwd Functions653051 -Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1661902 -Node: Group Functions661990 -Ref: Group Functions-Footnote-1669893 -Node: Walking Arrays670106 -Node: Library Functions Summary671709 -Node: Library Exercises673110 -Node: Sample Programs674390 -Node: Running Examples675160 -Node: Clones675888 -Node: Cut Program677112 -Node: Egrep Program686842 -Ref: Egrep Program-Footnote-1694346 -Node: Id Program694456 -Node: Split Program698100 -Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1701546 -Node: Tee Program701674 -Node: Uniq Program704461 -Node: Wc Program711882 -Ref: Wc Program-Footnote-1716130 -Node: Miscellaneous Programs716222 -Node: Dupword Program717435 -Node: Alarm Program719466 -Node: Translate Program724270 -Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1728834 -Node: Labels Program729104 -Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1732453 -Node: Word Sorting732537 -Node: History Sorting736607 -Node: Extract Program738443 -Node: Simple Sed745975 -Node: Igawk Program749037 -Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1763363 -Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2763564 -Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-3763686 -Node: Anagram Program763801 -Node: Signature Program766863 -Node: Programs Summary768110 -Node: Programs Exercises769303 -Ref: Programs Exercises-Footnote-1773434 -Node: Advanced Features773525 -Node: Nondecimal Data775473 -Node: Array Sorting777063 -Node: Controlling Array Traversal777760 -Ref: Controlling Array Traversal-Footnote-1786091 -Node: Array Sorting Functions786209 -Ref: Array Sorting Functions-Footnote-1790101 -Node: Two-way I/O790295 -Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1795239 -Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-2795425 -Node: TCP/IP Networking795507 -Node: Profiling798379 -Node: Advanced Features Summary806653 -Node: Internationalization808586 -Node: I18N and L10N810066 -Node: Explaining gettext810752 -Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1815781 -Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2815965 -Node: Programmer i18n816130 -Ref: Programmer i18n-Footnote-1820996 -Node: Translator i18n821045 -Node: String Extraction821839 -Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1822970 -Node: Printf Ordering823056 -Ref: Printf Ordering-Footnote-1825842 -Node: I18N Portability825906 -Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1828355 -Node: I18N Example828418 -Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1831218 -Node: Gawk I18N831290 -Node: I18N Summary831928 -Node: Debugger833267 -Node: Debugging834289 -Node: Debugging Concepts834730 -Node: Debugging Terms836587 -Node: Awk Debugging839162 -Node: Sample Debugging Session840054 -Node: Debugger Invocation840574 -Node: Finding The Bug841958 -Node: List of Debugger Commands848433 -Node: Breakpoint Control849765 -Node: Debugger Execution Control853457 -Node: Viewing And Changing Data856821 -Node: Execution Stack860186 -Node: Debugger Info861824 -Node: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands865841 -Node: Readline Support871033 -Node: Limitations871925 -Node: Debugging Summary874022 -Node: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic875190 -Node: Computer Arithmetic876606 -Ref: table-numeric-ranges880207 -Ref: Computer Arithmetic-Footnote-1881066 -Node: Math Definitions881123 -Ref: table-ieee-formats884410 -Ref: Math Definitions-Footnote-1885014 -Node: MPFR features885119 -Node: FP Math Caution886790 -Ref: FP Math Caution-Footnote-1887840 -Node: Inexactness of computations888209 -Node: Inexact representation889157 -Node: Comparing FP Values890512 -Node: Errors accumulate891585 -Node: Getting Accuracy893018 -Node: Try To Round895677 -Node: Setting precision896576 -Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings897260 -Node: Setting the rounding mode899054 -Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes899418 -Ref: Setting the rounding mode-Footnote-1902872 -Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers903051 -Ref: Arbitrary Precision Integers-Footnote-1907955 -Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems908104 -Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-1911980 -Node: Floating point summary912018 -Node: Dynamic Extensions914210 -Node: Extension Intro915762 -Node: Plugin License917028 -Node: Extension Mechanism Outline917825 -Ref: figure-load-extension918253 -Ref: figure-register-new-function919733 -Ref: figure-call-new-function920737 -Node: Extension API Description922723 -Node: Extension API Functions Introduction924173 -Node: General Data Types929009 -Ref: General Data Types-Footnote-1934696 -Node: Memory Allocation Functions934995 -Ref: Memory Allocation Functions-Footnote-1937825 -Node: Constructor Functions937921 -Node: Registration Functions939655 -Node: Extension Functions940340 -Node: Exit Callback Functions942636 -Node: Extension Version String943884 -Node: Input Parsers944534 -Node: Output Wrappers954349 -Node: Two-way processors958865 -Node: Printing Messages961069 -Ref: Printing Messages-Footnote-1962146 -Node: Updating `ERRNO'962298 -Node: Requesting Values963038 -Ref: table-value-types-returned963766 -Node: Accessing Parameters964724 -Node: Symbol Table Access965955 -Node: Symbol table by name966469 -Node: Symbol table by cookie968449 -Ref: Symbol table by cookie-Footnote-1972588 -Node: Cached values972651 -Ref: Cached values-Footnote-1976155 -Node: Array Manipulation976246 -Ref: Array Manipulation-Footnote-1977344 -Node: Array Data Types977383 -Ref: Array Data Types-Footnote-1980040 -Node: Array Functions980132 -Node: Flattening Arrays983986 -Node: Creating Arrays990873 -Node: Extension API Variables995640 -Node: Extension Versioning996276 -Node: Extension API Informational Variables998177 -Node: Extension API Boilerplate999265 -Node: Finding Extensions1003081 -Node: Extension Example1003641 -Node: Internal File Description1004413 -Node: Internal File Ops1008480 -Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-11020138 -Node: Using Internal File Ops1020278 -Ref: Using Internal File Ops-Footnote-11022661 -Node: Extension Samples1022934 -Node: Extension Sample File Functions1024458 -Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch1032060 -Node: Extension Sample Fork1033542 -Node: Extension Sample Inplace1034755 -Node: Extension Sample Ord1036430 -Node: Extension Sample Readdir1037266 -Ref: table-readdir-file-types1038142 -Node: Extension Sample Revout1038953 -Node: Extension Sample Rev2way1039544 -Node: Extension Sample Read write array1040285 -Node: Extension Sample Readfile1042224 -Node: Extension Sample Time1043319 -Node: Extension Sample API Tests1044668 -Node: gawkextlib1045159 -Node: Extension summary1047809 -Node: Extension Exercises1051491 -Node: Language History1052213 -Node: V7/SVR3.11053870 -Node: SVR41056051 -Node: POSIX1057496 -Node: BTL1058885 -Node: POSIX/GNU1059619 -Node: Feature History1065248 -Node: Common Extensions1078346 -Node: Ranges and Locales1079670 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-11084309 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-21084336 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-31084570 -Node: Contributors1084791 -Node: History summary1090331 -Node: Installation1091700 -Node: Gawk Distribution1092656 -Node: Getting1093140 -Node: Extracting1093964 -Node: Distribution contents1095606 -Node: Unix Installation1101376 -Node: Quick Installation1101993 -Node: Additional Configuration Options1104424 -Node: Configuration Philosophy1106164 -Node: Non-Unix Installation1108515 -Node: PC Installation1108973 -Node: PC Binary Installation1110299 -Node: PC Compiling1112147 -Ref: PC Compiling-Footnote-11115168 -Node: PC Testing1115273 -Node: PC Using1116449 -Node: Cygwin1120564 -Node: MSYS1121387 -Node: VMS Installation1121885 -Node: VMS Compilation1122677 -Ref: VMS Compilation-Footnote-11123899 -Node: VMS Dynamic Extensions1123957 -Node: VMS Installation Details1125641 -Node: VMS Running1127893 -Node: VMS GNV1130734 -Node: VMS Old Gawk1131468 -Node: Bugs1131938 -Node: Other Versions1135842 -Node: Installation summary1142055 -Node: Notes1143111 -Node: Compatibility Mode1143976 -Node: Additions1144758 -Node: Accessing The Source1145683 -Node: Adding Code1147119 -Node: New Ports1153291 -Node: Derived Files1157773 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11163248 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21163282 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31163878 -Node: Future Extensions1163992 -Node: Implementation Limitations1164598 -Node: Extension Design1165846 -Node: Old Extension Problems1167000 -Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11168517 -Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1168574 -Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11171934 -Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1172123 -Node: Extension Future Growth1174231 -Node: Old Extension Mechanism1175067 -Node: Notes summary1176829 -Node: Basic Concepts1178015 -Node: Basic High Level1178696 -Ref: figure-general-flow1178968 -Ref: figure-process-flow1179567 -Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11182796 -Node: Basic Data Typing1182981 -Node: Glossary1186309 -Node: Copying1211467 -Node: GNU Free Documentation License1249023 -Node: Index1274159 +Node: Foreword342225 +Node: Foreword446617 +Node: Preface48051 +Ref: Preface-Footnote-150922 +Ref: Preface-Footnote-251029 +Ref: Preface-Footnote-351262 +Node: History51404 +Node: Names53752 +Ref: Names-Footnote-154846 +Node: This Manual54992 +Ref: This Manual-Footnote-160821 +Node: Conventions60921 +Node: Manual History63261 +Ref: Manual History-Footnote-166252 +Ref: Manual History-Footnote-266293 +Node: How To Contribute66367 +Node: Acknowledgments67606 +Node: Getting Started72414 +Node: Running gawk74848 +Node: One-shot76038 +Node: Read Terminal77263 +Node: Long79290 +Node: Executable Scripts80806 +Ref: Executable Scripts-Footnote-183595 +Node: Comments83697 +Node: Quoting86170 +Node: DOS Quoting91676 +Node: Sample Data Files92351 +Node: Very Simple94944 +Node: Two Rules99835 +Node: More Complex101721 +Node: Statements/Lines104583 +Ref: Statements/Lines-Footnote-1109039 +Node: Other Features109304 +Node: When110235 +Ref: When-Footnote-1111991 +Node: Intro Summary112056 +Node: Invoking Gawk112939 +Node: Command Line114454 +Node: Options115245 +Ref: Options-Footnote-1131028 +Node: Other Arguments131053 +Node: Naming Standard Input134014 +Node: Environment Variables135107 +Node: AWKPATH Variable135665 +Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-1139075 +Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-2139120 +Node: AWKLIBPATH Variable139380 +Node: Other Environment Variables140636 +Node: Exit Status144127 +Node: Include Files144802 +Node: Loading Shared Libraries148390 +Node: Obsolete149817 +Node: Undocumented150514 +Node: Invoking Summary150781 +Node: Regexp152447 +Node: Regexp Usage153906 +Node: Escape Sequences155939 +Node: Regexp Operators162187 +Ref: Regexp Operators-Footnote-1169621 +Ref: Regexp Operators-Footnote-2169768 +Node: Bracket Expressions169866 +Ref: table-char-classes171883 +Node: Leftmost Longest174823 +Node: Computed Regexps176125 +Node: GNU Regexp Operators179522 +Node: Case-sensitivity183224 +Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-1186114 +Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-2186349 +Node: Regexp Summary186457 +Node: Reading Files187926 +Node: Records190020 +Node: awk split records190752 +Node: gawk split records195666 +Ref: gawk split records-Footnote-1200205 +Node: Fields200242 +Ref: Fields-Footnote-1203040 +Node: Nonconstant Fields203126 +Ref: Nonconstant Fields-Footnote-1205362 +Node: Changing Fields205564 +Node: Field Separators211496 +Node: Default Field Splitting214200 +Node: Regexp Field Splitting215317 +Node: Single Character Fields218667 +Node: Command Line Field Separator219726 +Node: Full Line Fields222938 +Ref: Full Line Fields-Footnote-1223446 +Node: Field Splitting Summary223492 +Ref: Field Splitting Summary-Footnote-1226623 +Node: Constant Size226724 +Node: Splitting By Content231330 +Ref: Splitting By Content-Footnote-1235403 +Node: Multiple Line235443 +Ref: Multiple Line-Footnote-1241332 +Node: Getline241511 +Node: Plain Getline243722 +Node: Getline/Variable246362 +Node: Getline/File247509 +Node: Getline/Variable/File248893 +Ref: Getline/Variable/File-Footnote-1250494 +Node: Getline/Pipe250581 +Node: Getline/Variable/Pipe253264 +Node: Getline/Coprocess254395 +Node: Getline/Variable/Coprocess255647 +Node: Getline Notes256386 +Node: Getline Summary259178 +Ref: table-getline-variants259590 +Node: Read Timeout260419 +Ref: Read Timeout-Footnote-1264233 +Node: Command-line directories264291 +Node: Input Summary265195 +Node: Input Exercises268447 +Node: Printing269175 +Node: Print270952 +Node: Print Examples272409 +Node: Output Separators275188 +Node: OFMT277206 +Node: Printf278560 +Node: Basic Printf279345 +Node: Control Letters280916 +Node: Format Modifiers284900 +Node: Printf Examples290907 +Node: Redirection293389 +Node: Special FD300228 +Ref: Special FD-Footnote-1303385 +Node: Special Files303459 +Node: Other Inherited Files304075 +Node: Special Network305075 +Node: Special Caveats305936 +Node: Close Files And Pipes306887 +Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-1314066 +Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-2314214 +Node: Output Summary314364 +Node: Output Exercises315360 +Node: Expressions316040 +Node: Values317225 +Node: Constants317901 +Node: Scalar Constants318581 +Ref: Scalar Constants-Footnote-1319440 +Node: Nondecimal-numbers319690 +Node: Regexp Constants322690 +Node: Using Constant Regexps323215 +Node: Variables326353 +Node: Using Variables327008 +Node: Assignment Options328918 +Node: Conversion330793 +Node: Strings And Numbers331317 +Ref: Strings And Numbers-Footnote-1334381 +Node: Locale influences conversions334490 +Ref: table-locale-affects337235 +Node: All Operators337823 +Node: Arithmetic Ops338453 +Node: Concatenation340958 +Ref: Concatenation-Footnote-1343777 +Node: Assignment Ops343883 +Ref: table-assign-ops348866 +Node: Increment Ops350144 +Node: Truth Values and Conditions353582 +Node: Truth Values354665 +Node: Typing and Comparison355714 +Node: Variable Typing356507 +Node: Comparison Operators360159 +Ref: table-relational-ops360569 +Node: POSIX String Comparison364084 +Ref: POSIX String Comparison-Footnote-1365156 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Auto-set439525 +Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-1452892 +Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-2453097 +Node: ARGC and ARGV453153 +Node: Pattern Action Summary457357 +Node: Arrays459784 +Node: Array Basics461113 +Node: Array Intro461957 +Ref: figure-array-elements463921 +Ref: Array Intro-Footnote-1466445 +Node: Reference to Elements466573 +Node: Assigning Elements469023 +Node: Array Example469514 +Node: Scanning an Array471272 +Node: Controlling Scanning474288 +Ref: Controlling Scanning-Footnote-1479477 +Node: Numeric Array Subscripts479793 +Node: Uninitialized Subscripts481978 +Node: Delete483595 +Ref: Delete-Footnote-1486339 +Node: Multidimensional486396 +Node: Multiscanning489491 +Node: Arrays of Arrays491080 +Node: Arrays Summary495841 +Node: Functions497946 +Node: Built-in498819 +Node: Calling Built-in499897 +Node: Numeric Functions501885 +Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-1506709 +Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-2507066 +Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-3507114 +Node: String Functions507383 +Ref: String 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gettext-Footnote-2816257 +Node: Programmer i18n816422 +Ref: Programmer i18n-Footnote-1821288 +Node: Translator i18n821337 +Node: String Extraction822131 +Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1823262 +Node: Printf Ordering823348 +Ref: Printf Ordering-Footnote-1826134 +Node: I18N Portability826198 +Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1828647 +Node: I18N Example828710 +Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1831510 +Node: Gawk I18N831582 +Node: I18N Summary832220 +Node: Debugger833559 +Node: Debugging834581 +Node: Debugging Concepts835022 +Node: Debugging Terms836879 +Node: Awk Debugging839454 +Node: Sample Debugging Session840346 +Node: Debugger Invocation840866 +Node: Finding The Bug842250 +Node: List of Debugger Commands848725 +Node: Breakpoint Control850057 +Node: Debugger Execution Control853749 +Node: Viewing And Changing Data857113 +Node: Execution Stack860478 +Node: Debugger Info862116 +Node: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands866133 +Node: Readline Support871325 +Node: Limitations872217 +Node: Debugging Summary874314 +Node: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic875482 +Node: Computer Arithmetic876898 +Ref: table-numeric-ranges880499 +Ref: Computer Arithmetic-Footnote-1881358 +Node: Math Definitions881415 +Ref: table-ieee-formats884702 +Ref: Math Definitions-Footnote-1885306 +Node: MPFR features885411 +Node: FP Math Caution887082 +Ref: FP Math Caution-Footnote-1888132 +Node: Inexactness of computations888501 +Node: Inexact representation889449 +Node: Comparing FP Values890804 +Node: Errors accumulate891877 +Node: Getting Accuracy893310 +Node: Try To Round895969 +Node: Setting precision896868 +Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings897552 +Node: Setting the rounding mode899346 +Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes899710 +Ref: Setting the rounding mode-Footnote-1903164 +Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers903343 +Ref: Arbitrary Precision Integers-Footnote-1908247 +Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems908396 +Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-1912272 +Node: Floating point summary912310 +Node: 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Extension Sample Inplace1035047 +Node: Extension Sample Ord1036722 +Node: Extension Sample Readdir1037558 +Ref: table-readdir-file-types1038434 +Node: Extension Sample Revout1039245 +Node: Extension Sample Rev2way1039836 +Node: Extension Sample Read write array1040577 +Node: Extension Sample Readfile1042516 +Node: Extension Sample Time1043611 +Node: Extension Sample API Tests1044960 +Node: gawkextlib1045451 +Node: Extension summary1048101 +Node: Extension Exercises1051783 +Node: Language History1052505 +Node: V7/SVR3.11054162 +Node: SVR41056343 +Node: POSIX1057788 +Node: BTL1059177 +Node: POSIX/GNU1059911 +Node: Feature History1065540 +Node: Common Extensions1078638 +Node: Ranges and Locales1079962 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-11084601 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-21084628 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-31084862 +Node: Contributors1085083 +Node: History summary1090623 +Node: Installation1091992 +Node: Gawk Distribution1092948 +Node: Getting1093432 +Node: Extracting1094256 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+Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11164968 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21165002 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31165598 +Node: Future Extensions1165712 +Node: Implementation Limitations1166318 +Node: Extension Design1167566 +Node: Old Extension Problems1168720 +Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11170237 +Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1170294 +Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11173654 +Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1173843 +Node: Extension Future Growth1175951 +Node: Old Extension Mechanism1176787 +Node: Notes summary1178549 +Node: Basic Concepts1179735 +Node: Basic High Level1180416 +Ref: figure-general-flow1180688 +Ref: figure-process-flow1181287 +Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11184516 +Node: Basic Data Typing1184701 +Node: Glossary1188029 +Node: Copying1213187 +Node: GNU Free Documentation License1250743 +Node: Index1275879 End Tag Table |