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Diffstat (limited to 'doc/gawk.info')
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diff --git a/doc/gawk.info b/doc/gawk.info index 4c824f32..a21116f2 100644 --- a/doc/gawk.info +++ b/doc/gawk.info @@ -2276,8 +2276,8 @@ There are two ways to run `awk'--with an explicit program or with one or more program files. Here are templates for both of them; items enclosed in [...] in these templates are optional: - awk [OPTIONS] -f progfile [`--'] FILE ... - awk [OPTIONS] [`--'] 'PROGRAM' FILE ... + `awk' [OPTIONS] `-f' PROGFILE [`--'] FILE ... + `awk' [OPTIONS] [`--'] `'PROGRAM'' FILE ... Besides traditional one-letter POSIX-style options, `gawk' also supports GNU long options. @@ -8933,10 +8933,10 @@ which (but not both) may be omitted. The purpose of the "action" is to tell `awk' what to do once a match for the pattern is found. Thus, in outline, an `awk' program generally looks like this: - [PATTERN] { ACTION } - PATTERN [{ ACTION }] + [PATTERN] `{ ACTION }' + PATTERN [`{ ACTION }'] ... - function NAME(ARGS) { ... } + `function NAME(ARGS) { ... }' ... An action consists of one or more `awk' "statements", enclosed in @@ -9024,7 +9024,7 @@ File: gawk.info, Node: If Statement, Next: While Statement, Up: Statements The `if'-`else' statement is `awk''s decision-making statement. It looks like this: - if (CONDITION) THEN-BODY [else ELSE-BODY] + `if (CONDITION) THEN-BODY' [`else ELSE-BODY'] The CONDITION is an expression that controls what the rest of the statement does. If the CONDITION is true, THEN-BODY is executed; @@ -9507,7 +9507,7 @@ The `exit' statement causes `awk' to immediately stop executing the current rule and to stop processing input; any remaining input is ignored. The `exit' statement is written as follows: - exit [RETURN CODE] + `exit' [RETURN CODE] When an `exit' statement is executed from a `BEGIN' rule, the program stops processing everything immediately. No input records are @@ -12794,10 +12794,10 @@ starting to execute any of it. The definition of a function named NAME looks like this: - function NAME([PARAMETER-LIST]) - { + `function' NAME`('[PARAMETER-LIST]`)' + `{' BODY-OF-FUNCTION - } + `}' Here, NAME is the name of the function to define. A valid function name is like a valid variable name: a sequence of letters, digits, and @@ -13240,7 +13240,7 @@ control to the calling part of the `awk' program. It can also be used to return a value for use in the rest of the `awk' program. It looks like this: - return [EXPRESSION] + `return' [EXPRESSION] The EXPRESSION part is optional. Due most likely to an oversight, POSIX does not define what the return value is if you omit the @@ -14258,7 +14258,7 @@ current time formatted in the same way as the `date' utility: now = systime() # return date(1)-style output - ret = strftime("%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Z %Y", now) + ret = strftime(PROCINFO["strftime"], now) # clear out target array delete time @@ -14518,8 +14518,8 @@ File: gawk.info, Node: File Checking, Next: Empty Files, Prev: Rewind Functio Normally, if you give `awk' a data file that isn't readable, it stops with a fatal error. There are times when you might want to just ignore -such files and keep going. You can do this by prepending the following -program to your `awk' program: +such files and keep going.(1) You can do this by prepending the +following program to your `awk' program: # readable.awk --- library file to skip over unreadable files @@ -14539,10 +14539,16 @@ program to your `awk' program: element from `ARGV' with `delete' skips the file (since it's no longer in the list). See also *note ARGC and ARGV::. + ---------- Footnotes ---------- + + (1) The `BEGINFILE' special pattern (*note BEGINFILE/ENDFILE::) +provides an alternative mechanism for dealing with files that can't be +opened. However, the code here provides a portable solution. + File: gawk.info, Node: Empty Files, Next: Ignoring Assigns, Prev: File Checking, Up: Data File Management -10.3.4 Checking For Zero-length Files +10.3.4 Checking for Zero-length Files ------------------------------------- All known `awk' implementations silently skip over zero-length files. @@ -14887,7 +14893,7 @@ is in `ARGV[0]': # test program if (_getopt_test) { while ((_go_c = getopt(ARGC, ARGV, "ab:cd")) != -1) - printf("c = <%c>, optarg = <%s>\n", + printf("c = <%c>, Optarg = <%s>\n", _go_c, Optarg) printf("non-option arguments:\n") for (; Optind < ARGC; Optind++) @@ -14900,17 +14906,17 @@ is in `ARGV[0]': result of two sample runs of the test program: $ awk -f getopt.awk -v _getopt_test=1 -- -a -cbARG bax -x - -| c = <a>, optarg = <> - -| c = <c>, optarg = <> - -| c = <b>, optarg = <ARG> + -| c = <a>, Optarg = <> + -| c = <c>, Optarg = <> + -| c = <b>, Optarg = <ARG> -| non-option arguments: -| ARGV[3] = <bax> -| ARGV[4] = <-x> $ awk -f getopt.awk -v _getopt_test=1 -- -a -x -- xyz abc - -| c = <a>, optarg = <> + -| c = <a>, Optarg = <> error--> x -- invalid option - -| c = <?>, optarg = <> + -| c = <?>, Optarg = <> -| non-option arguments: -| ARGV[4] = <xyz> -| ARGV[5] = <abc> @@ -14969,7 +14975,7 @@ that "cats" the password database: /* * pwcat.c * - * Generate a printable version of the password database + * Generate a printable version of the password database. */ #include <stdio.h> #include <pwd.h> @@ -15194,7 +15200,7 @@ group database, is as follows: /* * grcat.c * - * Generate a printable version of the group database + * Generate a printable version of the group database. */ #include <stdio.h> #include <grp.h> @@ -15230,9 +15236,10 @@ Group Password used; it is usually empty or set to `*'. Group ID Number - The group's numeric group ID number; this number must be unique - within the file. (On some systems it's a C `long', and not an - `int'. Thus we cast it to `long' for all cases.) + The group's numeric group ID number; the association of name to + number must be unique within the file. (On some systems it's a C + `long', and not an `int'. Thus we cast it to `long' for all + cases.) Group Member List A comma-separated list of user names. These users are members of @@ -15341,10 +15348,7 @@ following: For this reason, `_gr_init()' looks to see if a group name or group ID number is already seen. If it is, then the user names are simply -concatenated onto the previous list of users. (There is actually a -subtle problem with the code just presented. Suppose that the first -time there were no names. This code adds the names with a leading -comma. It also doesn't check that there is a `$4'.) +concatenated onto the previous list of users.(1) Finally, `_gr_init()' closes the pipeline to `grcat', restores `FS' (and `FIELDWIDTHS' or `FPAT' if necessary), `RS', and `$0', initializes @@ -15409,6 +15413,12 @@ very simple, relying on `awk''s associative arrays to do work. The `id' program in *note Id Program::, uses these functions. + ---------- Footnotes ---------- + + (1) There is actually a subtle problem with the code just presented. +Suppose that the first time there were no names. This code adds the +names with a leading comma. It also doesn't check that there is a `$4'. + File: gawk.info, Node: Walking Arrays, Prev: Group Functions, Up: Library Functions @@ -15645,7 +15655,7 @@ by characters, the output field separator is set to the null string: if (FS == " ") # defeat awk semantics FS = "[ ]" } else if (c == "s") - suppress++ + suppress = 1 else usage() } @@ -15814,7 +15824,7 @@ The `egrep' utility searches files for patterns. It uses regular expressions that are almost identical to those available in `awk' (*note Regexp::). You invoke it as follows: - egrep [ OPTIONS ] 'PATTERN' FILES ... + `egrep' [OPTIONS] `'PATTERN'' FILES ... The PATTERN is a regular expression. In typical usage, the regular expression is quoted to prevent the shell from expanding any of the @@ -15958,6 +15968,11 @@ know the total number of lines that matched the pattern: total += fcount } + The `BEGINFILE' and `ENDFILE' special patterns (*note +BEGINFILE/ENDFILE::) could be used, but then the program would be +`gawk'-specific. Additionally, this example was written before `gawk' +acquired `BEGINFILE' and `ENDFILE'. + The following rule does most of the work of matching lines. The variable `matches' is true if the line matched the pattern. If the user wants lines that did not match, the sense of `matches' is inverted @@ -16005,9 +16020,7 @@ there are no matches, the exit status is one; otherwise it is zero: END \ { - if (total == 0) - exit 1 - exit 0 + exit (total == 0) } The `usage()' function prints a usage message in case of invalid @@ -16049,7 +16062,7 @@ different from the real ones. If possible, `id' also supplies the corresponding user and group names. The output might look like this: $ id - -| uid=500(arnold) gid=500(arnold) groups=6(disk),7(lp),19(floppy) + -| uid=1000(arnold) gid=1000(arnold) groups=1000(arnold),4(adm),7(lp),27(sudo) This information is part of what is provided by `gawk''s `PROCINFO' array (*note Built-in Variables::). However, the `id' utility provides @@ -16082,34 +16095,26 @@ and the group numbers: printf("uid=%d", uid) pw = getpwuid(uid) - if (pw != "") { - split(pw, a, ":") - printf("(%s)", a[1]) - } + if (pw != "") + pr_first_field(pw) if (euid != uid) { printf(" euid=%d", euid) pw = getpwuid(euid) - if (pw != "") { - split(pw, a, ":") - printf("(%s)", a[1]) - } + if (pw != "") + pr_first_field(pw) } printf(" gid=%d", gid) pw = getgrgid(gid) - if (pw != "") { - split(pw, a, ":") - printf("(%s)", a[1]) - } + if (pw != "") + pr_first_field(pw) if (egid != gid) { printf(" egid=%d", egid) pw = getgrgid(egid) - if (pw != "") { - split(pw, a, ":") - printf("(%s)", a[1]) - } + if (pw != "") + pr_first_field(pw) } for (i = 1; ("group" i) in PROCINFO; i++) { @@ -16118,10 +16123,8 @@ and the group numbers: group = PROCINFO["group" i] printf("%d", group) pw = getgrgid(group) - if (pw != "") { - split(pw, a, ":") - printf("(%s)", a[1]) - } + if (pw != "") + pr_first_field(pw) if (("group" (i+1)) in PROCINFO) printf(",") } @@ -16129,6 +16132,12 @@ and the group numbers: print "" } + function pr_first_field(str, a) + { + split(str, a, ":") + printf("(%s)", a[1]) + } + The test in the `for' loop is worth noting. Any supplementary groups in the `PROCINFO' array have the indices `"group1"' through `"groupN"' for some N, i.e., the total number of supplementary groups. @@ -16143,6 +16152,10 @@ the last group in the array and the loop exits. then the condition is false the first time it's tested, and the loop body never executes. + The `pr_first_field()' function simply isolates out some code that +is used repeatedly, making the whole program slightly shorter and +cleaner. + File: gawk.info, Node: Split Program, Next: Tee Program, Prev: Id Program, Up: Clones @@ -16152,7 +16165,7 @@ File: gawk.info, Node: Split Program, Next: Tee Program, Prev: Id Program, U The `split' program splits large text files into smaller pieces. Usage is as follows:(1) - split [-COUNT] file [ PREFIX ] + `split' [`-COUNT'] [FILE] [PREFIX] By default, the output files are named `xaa', `xab', and so on. Each file has 1000 lines in it, with the likely exception of the last file. @@ -16176,7 +16189,7 @@ output file names: # split.awk --- do split in awk # # Requires ord() and chr() library functions - # usage: split [-num] [file] [outname] + # usage: split [-count] [file] [outname] BEGIN { outfile = "x" # default @@ -16185,7 +16198,7 @@ output file names: usage() i = 1 - if (ARGV[i] ~ /^-[[:digit:]]+$/) { + if (i in ARGV && ARGV[i] ~ /^-[[:digit:]]+$/) { count = -ARGV[i] ARGV[i] = "" i++ @@ -16261,7 +16274,7 @@ The `tee' program is known as a "pipe fitting." `tee' copies its standard input to its standard output and also duplicates it to the files named on the command line. Its usage is as follows: - tee [-a] file ... + `tee' [`-a'] FILE ... The `-a' option tells `tee' to append to the named files, instead of truncating them and starting over. @@ -16350,7 +16363,7 @@ and by default removes duplicate lines. In other words, it only prints unique lines--hence the name. `uniq' has a number of options. The usage is as follows: - uniq [-udc [-N]] [+N] [ INPUT FILE [ OUTPUT FILE ]] + `uniq' [`-udc' [`-N']] [`+N'] [INPUTFILE [OUTPUTFILE]] The options for `uniq' are: @@ -16373,11 +16386,11 @@ usage is as follows: Skip N characters before comparing lines. Any fields specified with `-N' are skipped first. -`INPUT FILE' +`INPUTFILE' Data is read from the input file named on the command line, instead of from the standard input. -`OUTPUT FILE' +`OUTPUTFILE' The generated output is sent to the named output file, instead of to the standard output. @@ -16567,7 +16580,7 @@ File: gawk.info, Node: Wc Program, Prev: Uniq Program, Up: Clones The `wc' (word count) utility counts lines, words, and characters in one or more input files. Its usage is as follows: - wc [-lwc] [ FILES ... ] + `wc' [`-lwc'] [FILES ...] If no files are specified on the command line, `wc' reads its standard input. If there are multiple files, it also prints total @@ -16933,11 +16946,11 @@ there are more characters in the "from" list than in the "to" list, the last character of the "to" list is used for the remaining characters in the "from" list. - Some time ago, a user proposed that a transliteration function should -be added to `gawk'. The following program was written to prove that -character transliteration could be done with a user-level function. -This program is not as complete as the system `tr' utility but it does -most of the job. + Once upon a time, a user proposed that a transliteration function +should be added to `gawk'. The following program was written to prove +that character transliteration could be done with a user-level +function. This program is not as complete as the system `tr' utility +but it does most of the job. The `translate' program demonstrates one of the few weaknesses of standard `awk': dealing with individual characters is very painful, @@ -17018,8 +17031,8 @@ record: While it is possible to do character transliteration in a user-level function, it is not necessarily efficient, and we (the `gawk' authors) started to consider adding a built-in function. However, shortly after -writing this program, we learned that the System V Release 4 `awk' had -added the `toupper()' and `tolower()' functions (*note String +writing this program, we learned that Brian Kernighan had added the +`toupper()' and `tolower()' functions to his `awk' (*note String Functions::). These functions handle the vast majority of the cases where character transliteration is necessary, and so we chose to simply add those functions to `gawk' as well and then leave well enough alone. @@ -17031,10 +17044,10 @@ program. ---------- Footnotes ---------- - (1) On some older systems, including Solaris, `tr' may require that -the lists be written as range expressions enclosed in square brackets -(`[a-z]') and quoted, to prevent the shell from attempting a file name -expansion. This is not a feature. + (1) On some older systems, including Solaris, the system version of +`tr' may require that the lists be written as range expressions +enclosed in square brackets (`[a-z]') and quoted, to prevent the shell +from attempting a file name expansion. This is not a feature. (2) This program was written before `gawk' acquired the ability to split each character in a string into separate array elements. @@ -17154,7 +17167,7 @@ File: gawk.info, Node: Word Sorting, Next: History Sorting, Prev: Labels Prog When working with large amounts of text, it can be interesting to know how often different words appear. For example, an author may overuse -certain words, in which case she might wish to find synonyms to +certain words, in which case he or she might wish to find synonyms to substitute for words that appear too often. This node develops a program for counting words and presenting the frequency information in a useful format. @@ -17217,6 +17230,10 @@ script. Here is the new version of the program: printf "%s\t%d\n", word, freq[word] } + The regexp `/[^[:alnum:]_[:blank:]]/' might have been written +`/[[:punct:]]/', but then underscores would also be removed, and we +want to keep them. + Assuming we have saved this program in a file named `wordfreq.awk', and that the data is in `file1', the following pipeline: @@ -17294,8 +17311,7 @@ information. For example, using the following `print' statement in the print data[lines[i]], lines[i] - This works because `data[$0]' is incremented each time a line is -seen. +This works because `data[$0]' is incremented each time a line is seen. File: gawk.info, Node: Extract Program, Next: Simple Sed, Prev: History Sorting, Up: Miscellaneous Programs @@ -17426,8 +17442,9 @@ elements (`@@' in the original file), we have to add a single `@' symbol back in.(1) When the processing of the array is finished, `join()' is called -with the value of `SUBSEP', to rejoin the pieces back into a single -line. That line is then printed to the output file: +with the value of `SUBSEP' (*note Multidimensional::), to rejoin the +pieces back into a single line. That line is then printed to the +output file: /^@c(omment)?[ \t]+file/ \ { @@ -17496,7 +17513,7 @@ closing the open file: ---------- Footnotes ---------- (1) This program was written before `gawk' had the `gensub()' -function. Consider how you might use it to simplify the code. +function. Consider how you might use it to simplify the code. File: gawk.info, Node: Simple Sed, Next: Igawk Program, Prev: Extract Program, Up: Miscellaneous Programs @@ -17835,12 +17852,12 @@ which represents the current directory: pathlist[i] = "." } - The stack is initialized with `ARGV[1]', which will be `/dev/stdin'. -The main loop comes next. Input lines are read in succession. Lines -that do not start with `@include' are printed verbatim. If the line -does start with `@include', the file name is in `$2'. `pathto()' is -called to generate the full path. If it cannot, then the program -prints an error message and continues. + The stack is initialized with `ARGV[1]', which will be +`"/dev/stdin"'. The main loop comes next. Input lines are read in +succession. Lines that do not start with `@include' are printed +verbatim. If the line does start with `@include', the file name is in +`$2'. `pathto()' is called to generate the full path. If it cannot, +then the program prints an error message and continues. The next thing to check is if the file is included already. The `processed' array is indexed by the full file name of each included @@ -17917,7 +17934,7 @@ supplied. The `eval' command is a shell construct that reruns the shell's parsing process. This keeps things properly quoted. - This version of `igawk' represents my fifth version of this program. + This version of `igawk' represents the fifth version of this program. There are four key simplifications that make the program work better: * Using `@include' even for the files named with `-f' makes building @@ -18091,7 +18108,9 @@ supplies the following copyright terms: X*(X-x)-o*o,(x+X)*o*o+o,x*(X-x)-O-O,x-O+(O+o+X+x)*(o+O),X*X-X*(x-O)-x+O, O+X*(o*(o+O)+O),+x+O+X*o,x*(x-o),(o+X+x)*o*o-(x-O-O),O+(X-x)*(X+O),x-O}' - We leave it to you to determine what the program does. + We leave it to you to determine what the program does. (If you are +truly desperate to understand it, see Chris Johansen's explanation, +which is embedded in the Texinfo source file for this Info file.) File: gawk.info, Node: Advanced Features, Next: Internationalization, Prev: Sample Programs, Up: Top @@ -20421,7 +20440,7 @@ categories, as follows: Program::) demonstrates: gawk> dump - -| # BEGIN + -| # BEGIN -| -| [ 1:0xfcd340] Op_rule : [in_rule = BEGIN] [source_file = brini.awk] -| [ 1:0xfcc240] Op_push_i : "~" [MALLOC|STRING|STRCUR] @@ -30130,7 +30149,7 @@ Index * Menu: * ! (exclamation point), ! operator: Boolean Ops. (line 67) -* ! (exclamation point), ! operator <1>: Egrep Program. (line 170) +* ! (exclamation point), ! operator <1>: Egrep Program. (line 175) * ! (exclamation point), ! operator <2>: Ranges. (line 48) * ! (exclamation point), ! operator: Precedence. (line 52) * ! (exclamation point), != operator <1>: Precedence. (line 65) @@ -30366,7 +30385,7 @@ Index (line 38) * \ (backslash), as field separator: Command Line Field Separator. (line 27) -* \ (backslash), continuing lines and <1>: Egrep Program. (line 220) +* \ (backslash), continuing lines and <1>: Egrep Program. (line 223) * \ (backslash), continuing lines and: Statements/Lines. (line 19) * \ (backslash), continuing lines and, comments and: Statements/Lines. (line 76) @@ -30394,7 +30413,7 @@ Index * _ (underscore), in names of private variables: Library Names. (line 29) * _ (underscore), translatable string: Programmer i18n. (line 69) -* _gr_init() user-defined function: Group Functions. (line 82) +* _gr_init() user-defined function: Group Functions. (line 83) * _ord_init() user-defined function: Ordinal Functions. (line 16) * _pw_init() user-defined function: Passwd Functions. (line 105) * accessing fields: Fields. (line 6) @@ -30640,7 +30659,7 @@ Index (line 38) * backslash (\), as field separator: Command Line Field Separator. (line 27) -* backslash (\), continuing lines and <1>: Egrep Program. (line 220) +* backslash (\), continuing lines and <1>: Egrep Program. (line 223) * backslash (\), continuing lines and: Statements/Lines. (line 19) * backslash (\), continuing lines and, comments and: Statements/Lines. (line 76) @@ -31296,7 +31315,7 @@ Index * END pattern, and profiling: Profiling. (line 62) * END pattern, assert() user-defined function and: Assert Function. (line 75) -* END pattern, backslash continuation and: Egrep Program. (line 220) +* END pattern, backslash continuation and: Egrep Program. (line 223) * END pattern, Boolean patterns and: Expression Patterns. (line 70) * END pattern, exit statement and: Exit Statement. (line 12) * END pattern, next/nextfile statements and <1>: Next Statement. @@ -31308,8 +31327,8 @@ Index * ENDFILE pattern: BEGINFILE/ENDFILE. (line 6) * ENDFILE pattern, Boolean patterns and: Expression Patterns. (line 70) * endfile() user-defined function: Filetrans Function. (line 62) -* endgrent() function (C library): Group Functions. (line 215) -* endgrent() user-defined function: Group Functions. (line 218) +* endgrent() function (C library): Group Functions. (line 213) +* endgrent() user-defined function: Group Functions. (line 216) * endpwent() function (C library): Passwd Functions. (line 210) * endpwent() user-defined function: Passwd Functions. (line 213) * ENVIRON array: Auto-set. (line 60) @@ -31342,7 +31361,7 @@ Index * evaluation order, concatenation: Concatenation. (line 41) * evaluation order, functions: Calling Built-in. (line 30) * examining fields: Fields. (line 6) -* exclamation point (!), ! operator <1>: Egrep Program. (line 170) +* exclamation point (!), ! operator <1>: Egrep Program. (line 175) * exclamation point (!), ! operator <2>: Precedence. (line 52) * exclamation point (!), ! operator: Boolean Ops. (line 67) * exclamation point (!), != operator <1>: Precedence. (line 65) @@ -31738,15 +31757,15 @@ Index * getaddrinfo() function (C library): TCP/IP Networking. (line 38) * getgrent() function (C library): Group Functions. (line 6) * getgrent() user-defined function: Group Functions. (line 6) -* getgrgid() function (C library): Group Functions. (line 186) -* getgrgid() user-defined function: Group Functions. (line 189) -* getgrnam() function (C library): Group Functions. (line 175) -* getgrnam() user-defined function: Group Functions. (line 180) -* getgruser() function (C library): Group Functions. (line 195) -* getgruser() function, user-defined: Group Functions. (line 198) +* getgrgid() function (C library): Group Functions. (line 184) +* getgrgid() user-defined function: Group Functions. (line 187) +* getgrnam() function (C library): Group Functions. (line 173) +* getgrnam() user-defined function: Group Functions. (line 178) +* getgruser() function (C library): Group Functions. (line 193) +* getgruser() function, user-defined: Group Functions. (line 196) * getline command: Reading Files. (line 20) * getline command, _gr_init() user-defined function: Group Functions. - (line 82) + (line 83) * getline command, _pw_init() function: Passwd Functions. (line 154) * getline command, coprocesses, using from <1>: Close Files And Pipes. (line 6) @@ -31947,6 +31966,7 @@ Index * Java programming language: Glossary. (line 380) * jawk: Other Versions. (line 112) * Jedi knights: Undocumented. (line 6) +* Johansen, Chris: Signature Program. (line 25) * join() user-defined function: Join Function. (line 18) * Kahrs, Ju"rgen <1>: Contributors. (line 70) * Kahrs, Ju"rgen: Acknowledgments. (line 60) @@ -33245,494 +33265,496 @@ Node: Other Features105547 Node: When106475 Node: Invoking Gawk108623 Node: Command Line110086 -Node: Options110869 -Ref: Options-Footnote-1126681 -Node: Other Arguments126706 -Node: Naming Standard Input129368 -Node: Environment Variables130462 -Node: AWKPATH Variable131020 -Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-1133798 -Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-2133843 -Node: AWKLIBPATH Variable134103 -Node: Other Environment Variables134862 -Node: Exit Status138517 -Node: Include Files139192 -Node: Loading Shared Libraries142770 -Node: Obsolete144153 -Node: Undocumented144850 -Node: Regexp145092 -Node: Regexp Usage146481 -Node: Escape Sequences148514 -Node: Regexp Operators154181 -Ref: Regexp Operators-Footnote-1161661 -Ref: Regexp Operators-Footnote-2161808 -Node: Bracket Expressions161906 -Ref: table-char-classes163796 -Node: GNU Regexp Operators166319 -Node: Case-sensitivity170042 -Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-1172934 -Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-2173169 -Node: Leftmost Longest173277 -Node: Computed Regexps174478 -Node: Reading Files177827 -Node: Records179829 -Node: awk split records180564 -Node: gawk split records185422 -Ref: gawk split records-Footnote-1189943 -Node: Fields189980 -Ref: Fields-Footnote-1192944 -Node: Nonconstant Fields193030 -Ref: Nonconstant Fields-Footnote-1195260 -Node: Changing Fields195462 -Node: Field Separators201416 -Node: Default Field Splitting204118 -Node: Regexp Field Splitting205235 -Node: Single Character Fields208576 -Node: Command Line Field Separator209635 -Node: Full Line Fields212977 -Ref: Full Line Fields-Footnote-1213485 -Node: Field Splitting Summary213531 -Ref: Field Splitting Summary-Footnote-1216630 -Node: Constant Size216731 -Node: Splitting By Content221338 -Ref: Splitting By Content-Footnote-1225088 -Node: Multiple Line225128 -Ref: Multiple Line-Footnote-1230984 -Node: Getline231163 -Node: Plain Getline233379 -Node: Getline/Variable235474 -Node: Getline/File236621 -Node: 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