diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'doc/gawk.info')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/gawk.info | 939 |
1 files changed, 470 insertions, 469 deletions
diff --git a/doc/gawk.info b/doc/gawk.info index f73f6a5a..56f945f5 100644 --- a/doc/gawk.info +++ b/doc/gawk.info @@ -5180,9 +5180,8 @@ what they are, and not by what they are not. data into text files, where each record is terminated with a newline, and fields are separated by commas. If only commas separated the data, there wouldn't be an issue. The problem comes when one of the fields -contains an _embedded_ comma. Although there is no formal standard -specification for CSV data,(1) in such cases, most programs embed the -field in double quotes. So we might have data like this: +contains an _embedded_ comma. In such cases, most programs embed the +field in double quotes.(1) So we might have data like this: Robbins,Arnold,"1234 A Pretty Street, NE",MyTown,MyState,12345-6789,USA @@ -5265,7 +5264,9 @@ based on which of the three variables--`FS', `FIELDWIDTHS', and ---------- Footnotes ---------- - (1) At least, we don't know of one. + (1) The CSV format lacked a formal standard definition for many +years. RFC 4180 (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4180.txt) standardizes the +most common practices. File: gawk.info, Node: Multiple Line, Next: Getline, Prev: Splitting By Content, Up: Reading Files @@ -32798,7 +32799,7 @@ Index * forward slash (/), patterns and: Expression Patterns. (line 24) * FPAT variable <1>: User-modified. (line 43) * FPAT variable: Splitting By Content. - (line 26) + (line 25) * frame debugger command: Execution Stack. (line 27) * Free Documentation License (FDL): GNU Free Documentation License. (line 7) @@ -32908,7 +32909,7 @@ Index * gawk, format-control characters: Control Letters. (line 18) * gawk, FPAT variable in <1>: User-modified. (line 43) * gawk, FPAT variable in: Splitting By Content. - (line 26) + (line 25) * gawk, FUNCTAB array in: Auto-set. (line 124) * gawk, function arguments and: Calling Built-in. (line 16) * gawk, hexadecimal numbers and: Nondecimal-numbers. (line 42) @@ -34527,468 +34528,468 @@ Ref: Full Line Fields-Footnote-2225087 Node: Field Splitting Summary225188 Node: Constant Size227262 Node: Splitting By Content231851 -Ref: Splitting By Content-Footnote-1235906 -Node: Multiple Line235946 -Ref: Multiple Line-Footnote-1241832 -Node: Getline242011 -Node: Plain Getline244223 -Node: Getline/Variable246863 -Node: Getline/File248011 -Node: Getline/Variable/File249395 -Ref: Getline/Variable/File-Footnote-1250998 -Node: Getline/Pipe251085 -Node: Getline/Variable/Pipe253768 -Node: Getline/Coprocess254899 -Node: Getline/Variable/Coprocess256151 -Node: Getline Notes256890 -Node: Getline Summary259682 -Ref: table-getline-variants260094 -Node: Read Timeout260923 -Ref: Read Timeout-Footnote-1264742 -Node: Command-line directories264800 -Node: Input Summary265705 -Node: Input Exercises268958 -Node: Printing269686 -Node: Print271463 -Node: Print Examples272920 -Node: Output Separators275699 -Node: OFMT277717 -Node: Printf279071 -Node: Basic Printf279856 -Node: Control Letters281425 -Node: Format Modifiers285409 -Node: Printf Examples291410 -Node: Redirection293896 -Node: Special FD300737 -Ref: Special FD-Footnote-1303897 -Node: Special Files303971 -Node: Other Inherited Files304588 -Node: Special Network305588 -Node: Special Caveats306450 -Node: Close Files And Pipes307401 -Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-1314583 -Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-2314731 -Node: Output Summary314881 -Node: Output Exercises315879 -Node: Expressions316559 -Node: Values317744 -Node: Constants318422 -Node: Scalar Constants319113 -Ref: Scalar Constants-Footnote-1319972 -Node: Nondecimal-numbers320222 -Node: Regexp Constants323240 -Node: Using Constant Regexps323765 -Node: Variables326908 -Node: Using Variables327563 -Node: Assignment Options329474 -Node: Conversion331349 -Node: Strings And Numbers331873 -Ref: Strings And Numbers-Footnote-1334938 -Node: Locale influences conversions335047 -Ref: table-locale-affects337794 -Node: All Operators338382 -Node: Arithmetic Ops339012 -Node: Concatenation341517 -Ref: Concatenation-Footnote-1344336 -Node: Assignment Ops344442 -Ref: table-assign-ops349421 -Node: Increment Ops350693 -Node: Truth Values and Conditions354131 -Node: Truth Values355216 -Node: Typing and Comparison356265 -Node: Variable Typing357075 -Node: Comparison Operators360728 -Ref: table-relational-ops361138 -Node: POSIX String Comparison364633 -Ref: POSIX String Comparison-Footnote-1365705 -Node: Boolean Ops365843 -Ref: Boolean Ops-Footnote-1370322 -Node: Conditional Exp370413 -Node: Function Calls372140 -Node: Precedence376020 -Node: Locales379681 -Node: Expressions Summary381313 -Node: Patterns and Actions383873 -Node: Pattern Overview384993 -Node: Regexp Patterns386672 -Node: Expression Patterns387215 -Node: Ranges390996 -Node: BEGIN/END394102 -Node: Using BEGIN/END394863 -Ref: Using BEGIN/END-Footnote-1397597 -Node: I/O And BEGIN/END397703 -Node: BEGINFILE/ENDFILE400017 -Node: Empty402918 -Node: Using Shell Variables403235 -Node: Action Overview405508 -Node: Statements407834 -Node: If Statement409682 -Node: While Statement411177 -Node: Do Statement413206 -Node: For Statement414350 -Node: Switch Statement417507 -Node: Break Statement419889 -Node: Continue Statement421930 -Node: Next Statement423757 -Node: Nextfile Statement426138 -Node: Exit Statement428768 -Node: Built-in Variables431171 -Node: User-modified432304 -Ref: User-modified-Footnote-1439985 -Node: Auto-set440047 -Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-1453419 -Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-2453624 -Node: ARGC and ARGV453680 -Node: Pattern Action Summary457898 -Node: Arrays460325 -Node: Array Basics461654 -Node: Array Intro462498 -Ref: figure-array-elements464462 -Ref: Array Intro-Footnote-1466988 -Node: Reference to Elements467116 -Node: Assigning Elements469568 -Node: Array Example470059 -Node: Scanning an Array471817 -Node: Controlling Scanning474833 -Ref: Controlling Scanning-Footnote-1480029 -Node: Numeric Array Subscripts480345 -Node: Uninitialized Subscripts482530 -Node: Delete484147 -Ref: Delete-Footnote-1486890 -Node: Multidimensional486947 -Node: Multiscanning490044 -Node: Arrays of Arrays491633 -Node: Arrays Summary496392 -Node: Functions498484 -Node: Built-in499357 -Node: Calling Built-in500435 -Node: Numeric Functions502426 -Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-1507245 -Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-2507602 -Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-3507650 -Node: String Functions507922 -Ref: String Functions-Footnote-1531397 -Ref: String Functions-Footnote-2531526 -Ref: String Functions-Footnote-3531774 -Node: Gory Details531861 -Ref: table-sub-escapes533642 -Ref: table-sub-proposed535162 -Ref: table-posix-sub536526 -Ref: table-gensub-escapes538062 -Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-1538894 -Node: I/O Functions539045 -Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-1546263 -Node: Time Functions546410 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-1556898 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-2556966 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-3557124 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-4557235 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-5557347 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-6557574 -Node: Bitwise Functions557840 -Ref: table-bitwise-ops558402 -Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-1562711 -Node: Type Functions562880 -Node: I18N Functions564031 -Node: User-defined565676 -Node: Definition Syntax566481 -Ref: Definition Syntax-Footnote-1571888 -Node: Function Example571959 -Ref: Function Example-Footnote-1574878 -Node: Function Caveats574900 -Node: Calling A Function575418 -Node: Variable Scope576376 -Node: Pass By Value/Reference579364 -Node: Return Statement582859 -Node: Dynamic Typing585840 -Node: Indirect Calls586769 -Ref: Indirect Calls-Footnote-1598071 -Node: Functions Summary598199 -Node: Library Functions600901 -Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-1604510 -Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-2604653 -Node: Library Names604824 -Ref: Library Names-Footnote-1608278 -Ref: Library Names-Footnote-2608501 -Node: General Functions608587 -Node: Strtonum Function609690 -Node: Assert Function612712 -Node: Round Function616036 -Node: Cliff Random Function617577 -Node: Ordinal Functions618593 -Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-1621656 -Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-2621908 -Node: Join Function622119 -Ref: Join Function-Footnote-1623888 -Node: Getlocaltime Function624088 -Node: Readfile Function627832 -Node: Shell Quoting629802 -Node: Data File Management631203 -Node: Filetrans Function631835 -Node: Rewind Function635891 -Node: File Checking637278 -Ref: File Checking-Footnote-1638610 -Node: Empty Files638811 -Node: Ignoring Assigns640790 -Node: Getopt Function642341 -Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1653803 -Node: Passwd Functions654003 -Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1662852 -Node: Group Functions662940 -Ref: Group Functions-Footnote-1670834 -Node: Walking Arrays671047 -Node: Library Functions Summary672650 -Node: Library Exercises674051 -Node: Sample Programs675331 -Node: Running Examples676101 -Node: Clones676829 -Node: Cut Program678053 -Node: Egrep Program687772 -Ref: Egrep Program-Footnote-1695270 -Node: Id Program695380 -Node: Split Program699025 -Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1702473 -Node: Tee Program702601 -Node: Uniq Program705390 -Node: Wc Program712809 -Ref: Wc Program-Footnote-1717059 -Node: Miscellaneous Programs717153 -Node: Dupword Program718366 -Node: Alarm Program720397 -Node: Translate Program725201 -Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1729766 -Node: Labels Program730036 -Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1733387 -Node: Word Sorting733471 -Node: History Sorting737542 -Node: Extract Program739378 -Node: Simple Sed746903 -Node: Igawk Program749971 -Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1764295 -Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2764496 -Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-3764618 -Node: Anagram Program764733 -Node: Signature Program767790 -Node: Programs Summary769037 -Node: Programs Exercises770230 -Ref: Programs Exercises-Footnote-1774361 -Node: Advanced Features774452 -Node: Nondecimal Data776400 -Node: Array Sorting777990 -Node: Controlling Array Traversal778687 -Ref: Controlling Array Traversal-Footnote-1787020 -Node: Array Sorting Functions787138 -Ref: Array Sorting Functions-Footnote-1791027 -Node: Two-way I/O791223 -Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1796164 -Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-2796350 -Node: TCP/IP Networking796432 -Node: Profiling799305 -Node: Advanced Features Summary807582 -Node: Internationalization809515 -Node: I18N and L10N810995 -Node: Explaining gettext811681 -Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1816706 -Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2816890 -Node: Programmer i18n817055 -Ref: Programmer i18n-Footnote-1821921 -Node: Translator i18n821970 -Node: String Extraction822764 -Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1823895 -Node: Printf Ordering823981 -Ref: Printf Ordering-Footnote-1826767 -Node: I18N Portability826831 -Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1829286 -Node: I18N Example829349 -Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1832152 -Node: Gawk I18N832224 -Node: I18N Summary832862 -Node: Debugger834201 -Node: Debugging835223 -Node: Debugging Concepts835664 -Node: Debugging Terms837517 -Node: Awk Debugging840089 -Node: Sample Debugging Session840983 -Node: Debugger Invocation841503 -Node: Finding The Bug842887 -Node: List of Debugger Commands849362 -Node: Breakpoint Control850695 -Node: Debugger Execution Control854391 -Node: Viewing And Changing Data857755 -Node: Execution Stack861133 -Node: Debugger Info862770 -Node: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands866787 -Node: Readline Support871816 -Node: Limitations872708 -Node: Debugging Summary874822 -Node: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic875990 -Node: Computer Arithmetic877406 -Ref: table-numeric-ranges881004 -Ref: Computer Arithmetic-Footnote-1881863 -Node: Math Definitions881920 -Ref: table-ieee-formats885208 -Ref: Math Definitions-Footnote-1885812 -Node: MPFR features885917 -Node: FP Math Caution887588 -Ref: FP Math Caution-Footnote-1888638 -Node: Inexactness of computations889007 -Node: Inexact representation889966 -Node: Comparing FP Values891323 -Node: Errors accumulate892405 -Node: Getting Accuracy893838 -Node: Try To Round896500 -Node: Setting precision897399 -Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings898083 -Node: Setting the rounding mode899872 -Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes900236 -Ref: Setting the rounding mode-Footnote-1903691 -Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers903870 -Ref: Arbitrary Precision Integers-Footnote-1908769 -Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems908918 -Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-1912791 -Node: Floating point summary912829 -Node: Dynamic Extensions915023 -Node: Extension Intro916575 -Node: Plugin License917841 -Node: Extension Mechanism Outline918638 -Ref: figure-load-extension919066 -Ref: figure-register-new-function920546 -Ref: figure-call-new-function921550 -Node: Extension API Description923536 -Node: Extension API Functions Introduction924986 -Node: General Data Types929810 -Ref: General Data Types-Footnote-1935549 -Node: Memory Allocation Functions935848 -Ref: Memory Allocation Functions-Footnote-1938687 -Node: Constructor Functions938783 -Node: Registration Functions940517 -Node: Extension Functions941202 -Node: Exit Callback Functions943499 -Node: Extension Version String944747 -Node: Input Parsers945412 -Node: Output Wrappers955289 -Node: Two-way processors959804 -Node: Printing Messages962008 -Ref: Printing Messages-Footnote-1963084 -Node: Updating `ERRNO'963236 -Node: Requesting Values963976 -Ref: table-value-types-returned964704 -Node: Accessing Parameters965661 -Node: Symbol Table Access966892 -Node: Symbol table by name967406 -Node: Symbol table by cookie969387 -Ref: Symbol table by cookie-Footnote-1973531 -Node: Cached values973594 -Ref: Cached values-Footnote-1977093 -Node: Array Manipulation977184 -Ref: Array Manipulation-Footnote-1978282 -Node: Array Data Types978319 -Ref: Array Data Types-Footnote-1980974 -Node: Array Functions981066 -Node: Flattening Arrays984920 -Node: Creating Arrays991812 -Node: Extension API Variables996581 -Node: Extension Versioning997217 -Node: Extension API Informational Variables999118 -Node: Extension API Boilerplate1000206 -Node: Finding Extensions1004015 -Node: Extension Example1004575 -Node: Internal File Description1005347 -Node: Internal File Ops1009414 -Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-11021084 -Node: Using Internal File Ops1021224 -Ref: Using Internal File Ops-Footnote-11023607 -Node: Extension Samples1023880 -Node: Extension Sample File Functions1025406 -Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch1033044 -Node: Extension Sample Fork1034535 -Node: Extension Sample Inplace1035750 -Node: Extension Sample Ord1037425 -Node: Extension Sample Readdir1038261 -Ref: table-readdir-file-types1039137 -Node: Extension Sample Revout1039948 -Node: Extension Sample Rev2way1040538 -Node: Extension Sample Read write array1041278 -Node: Extension Sample Readfile1043218 -Node: Extension Sample Time1044313 -Node: Extension Sample API Tests1045662 -Node: gawkextlib1046153 -Node: Extension summary1048790 -Node: Extension Exercises1052467 -Node: Language History1053189 -Node: V7/SVR3.11054845 -Node: SVR41057026 -Node: POSIX1058471 -Node: BTL1059860 -Node: POSIX/GNU1060594 -Node: Feature History1066218 -Node: Common Extensions1079316 -Node: Ranges and Locales1080640 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-11085258 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-21085285 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-31085519 -Node: Contributors1085740 -Node: History summary1091281 -Node: Installation1092651 -Node: Gawk Distribution1093597 -Node: Getting1094081 -Node: Extracting1094904 -Node: Distribution contents1096539 -Node: Unix Installation1102604 -Node: Quick Installation1103287 -Node: Shell Startup Files1105698 -Node: Additional Configuration Options1106777 -Node: Configuration Philosophy1108516 -Node: Non-Unix Installation1110885 -Node: PC Installation1111343 -Node: PC Binary Installation1112662 -Node: PC Compiling1114510 -Ref: PC Compiling-Footnote-11117531 -Node: PC Testing1117640 -Node: PC Using1118816 -Node: Cygwin1122931 -Node: MSYS1123754 -Node: VMS Installation1124254 -Node: VMS Compilation1125046 -Ref: VMS Compilation-Footnote-11126268 -Node: VMS Dynamic Extensions1126326 -Node: VMS Installation Details1128010 -Node: VMS Running1130262 -Node: VMS GNV1133098 -Node: VMS Old Gawk1133832 -Node: Bugs1134302 -Node: Other Versions1138185 -Node: Installation summary1144607 -Node: Notes1145663 -Node: Compatibility Mode1146528 -Node: Additions1147310 -Node: Accessing The Source1148235 -Node: Adding Code1149671 -Node: New Ports1155836 -Node: Derived Files1160318 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11165793 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21165827 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31166423 -Node: Future Extensions1166537 -Node: Implementation Limitations1167143 -Node: Extension Design1168391 -Node: Old Extension Problems1169545 -Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11171062 -Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1171119 -Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11174479 -Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1174668 -Node: Extension Future Growth1176776 -Node: Old Extension Mechanism1177612 -Node: Notes summary1179374 -Node: Basic Concepts1180560 -Node: Basic High Level1181241 -Ref: figure-general-flow1181513 -Ref: figure-process-flow1182112 -Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11185341 -Node: Basic Data Typing1185526 -Node: Glossary1188854 -Node: Copying1214012 -Node: GNU Free Documentation License1251568 -Node: Index1276704 +Ref: Splitting By Content-Footnote-1235842 +Node: Multiple Line236005 +Ref: Multiple Line-Footnote-1241891 +Node: Getline242070 +Node: Plain Getline244282 +Node: Getline/Variable246922 +Node: Getline/File248070 +Node: Getline/Variable/File249454 +Ref: Getline/Variable/File-Footnote-1251057 +Node: Getline/Pipe251144 +Node: Getline/Variable/Pipe253827 +Node: Getline/Coprocess254958 +Node: Getline/Variable/Coprocess256210 +Node: Getline Notes256949 +Node: Getline Summary259741 +Ref: table-getline-variants260153 +Node: Read Timeout260982 +Ref: Read Timeout-Footnote-1264801 +Node: Command-line directories264859 +Node: Input Summary265764 +Node: Input Exercises269017 +Node: Printing269745 +Node: Print271522 +Node: Print Examples272979 +Node: Output Separators275758 +Node: OFMT277776 +Node: Printf279130 +Node: Basic Printf279915 +Node: Control Letters281484 +Node: Format Modifiers285468 +Node: Printf Examples291469 +Node: Redirection293955 +Node: Special FD300796 +Ref: Special FD-Footnote-1303956 +Node: Special Files304030 +Node: Other Inherited Files304647 +Node: Special Network305647 +Node: Special Caveats306509 +Node: Close Files And Pipes307460 +Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-1314642 +Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-2314790 +Node: Output Summary314940 +Node: Output Exercises315938 +Node: Expressions316618 +Node: Values317803 +Node: Constants318481 +Node: Scalar Constants319172 +Ref: Scalar Constants-Footnote-1320031 +Node: Nondecimal-numbers320281 +Node: Regexp Constants323299 +Node: Using Constant Regexps323824 +Node: Variables326967 +Node: Using Variables327622 +Node: Assignment Options329533 +Node: Conversion331408 +Node: Strings And Numbers331932 +Ref: Strings And Numbers-Footnote-1334997 +Node: Locale influences conversions335106 +Ref: table-locale-affects337853 +Node: All Operators338441 +Node: Arithmetic Ops339071 +Node: Concatenation341576 +Ref: Concatenation-Footnote-1344395 +Node: Assignment Ops344501 +Ref: table-assign-ops349480 +Node: Increment Ops350752 +Node: Truth Values and Conditions354190 +Node: Truth Values355275 +Node: Typing and Comparison356324 +Node: Variable Typing357134 +Node: Comparison Operators360787 +Ref: table-relational-ops361197 +Node: POSIX String Comparison364692 +Ref: POSIX String Comparison-Footnote-1365764 +Node: Boolean Ops365902 +Ref: Boolean Ops-Footnote-1370381 +Node: Conditional Exp370472 +Node: Function Calls372199 +Node: Precedence376079 +Node: Locales379740 +Node: Expressions Summary381372 +Node: Patterns and Actions383932 +Node: Pattern Overview385052 +Node: Regexp Patterns386731 +Node: Expression Patterns387274 +Node: Ranges391055 +Node: BEGIN/END394161 +Node: Using BEGIN/END394922 +Ref: Using BEGIN/END-Footnote-1397656 +Node: I/O And BEGIN/END397762 +Node: BEGINFILE/ENDFILE400076 +Node: Empty402977 +Node: Using Shell Variables403294 +Node: Action Overview405567 +Node: Statements407893 +Node: If Statement409741 +Node: While Statement411236 +Node: Do Statement413265 +Node: For Statement414409 +Node: Switch Statement417566 +Node: Break Statement419948 +Node: Continue Statement421989 +Node: Next Statement423816 +Node: Nextfile Statement426197 +Node: Exit Statement428827 +Node: Built-in Variables431230 +Node: User-modified432363 +Ref: User-modified-Footnote-1440044 +Node: Auto-set440106 +Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-1453478 +Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-2453683 +Node: ARGC and ARGV453739 +Node: Pattern Action Summary457957 +Node: Arrays460384 +Node: Array Basics461713 +Node: Array Intro462557 +Ref: figure-array-elements464521 +Ref: Array Intro-Footnote-1467047 +Node: Reference to Elements467175 +Node: Assigning Elements469627 +Node: Array Example470118 +Node: Scanning an Array471876 +Node: Controlling Scanning474892 +Ref: Controlling Scanning-Footnote-1480088 +Node: Numeric Array Subscripts480404 +Node: Uninitialized Subscripts482589 +Node: Delete484206 +Ref: Delete-Footnote-1486949 +Node: Multidimensional487006 +Node: Multiscanning490103 +Node: Arrays of Arrays491692 +Node: Arrays Summary496451 +Node: Functions498543 +Node: Built-in499416 +Node: Calling Built-in500494 +Node: Numeric Functions502485 +Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-1507304 +Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-2507661 +Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-3507709 +Node: String Functions507981 +Ref: String Functions-Footnote-1531456 +Ref: String Functions-Footnote-2531585 +Ref: String Functions-Footnote-3531833 +Node: Gory Details531920 +Ref: table-sub-escapes533701 +Ref: table-sub-proposed535221 +Ref: table-posix-sub536585 +Ref: table-gensub-escapes538121 +Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-1538953 +Node: I/O Functions539104 +Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-1546322 +Node: Time Functions546469 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-1556957 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-2557025 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-3557183 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-4557294 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-5557406 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-6557633 +Node: Bitwise Functions557899 +Ref: table-bitwise-ops558461 +Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-1562770 +Node: Type Functions562939 +Node: I18N Functions564090 +Node: User-defined565735 +Node: Definition Syntax566540 +Ref: Definition Syntax-Footnote-1571947 +Node: Function Example572018 +Ref: Function Example-Footnote-1574937 +Node: Function Caveats574959 +Node: Calling A Function575477 +Node: Variable Scope576435 +Node: Pass By Value/Reference579423 +Node: Return Statement582918 +Node: Dynamic Typing585899 +Node: Indirect Calls586828 +Ref: Indirect Calls-Footnote-1598130 +Node: Functions Summary598258 +Node: Library Functions600960 +Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-1604569 +Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-2604712 +Node: Library Names604883 +Ref: Library Names-Footnote-1608337 +Ref: Library Names-Footnote-2608560 +Node: General Functions608646 +Node: Strtonum Function609749 +Node: Assert Function612771 +Node: Round Function616095 +Node: Cliff Random Function617636 +Node: Ordinal Functions618652 +Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-1621715 +Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-2621967 +Node: Join Function622178 +Ref: Join Function-Footnote-1623947 +Node: Getlocaltime Function624147 +Node: Readfile Function627891 +Node: Shell Quoting629861 +Node: Data File Management631262 +Node: Filetrans Function631894 +Node: Rewind Function635950 +Node: File Checking637337 +Ref: File Checking-Footnote-1638669 +Node: Empty Files638870 +Node: Ignoring Assigns640849 +Node: Getopt Function642400 +Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1653862 +Node: Passwd Functions654062 +Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1662911 +Node: Group Functions662999 +Ref: Group Functions-Footnote-1670893 +Node: Walking Arrays671106 +Node: Library Functions Summary672709 +Node: Library Exercises674110 +Node: Sample Programs675390 +Node: Running Examples676160 +Node: Clones676888 +Node: Cut Program678112 +Node: Egrep Program687831 +Ref: Egrep Program-Footnote-1695329 +Node: Id Program695439 +Node: Split Program699084 +Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1702532 +Node: Tee Program702660 +Node: Uniq Program705449 +Node: Wc Program712868 +Ref: Wc Program-Footnote-1717118 +Node: Miscellaneous Programs717212 +Node: Dupword Program718425 +Node: Alarm Program720456 +Node: Translate Program725260 +Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1729825 +Node: Labels Program730095 +Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1733446 +Node: Word Sorting733530 +Node: History Sorting737601 +Node: Extract Program739437 +Node: Simple Sed746962 +Node: Igawk Program750030 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1764354 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2764555 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-3764677 +Node: Anagram Program764792 +Node: Signature Program767849 +Node: Programs Summary769096 +Node: Programs Exercises770289 +Ref: Programs Exercises-Footnote-1774420 +Node: Advanced Features774511 +Node: Nondecimal Data776459 +Node: Array Sorting778049 +Node: Controlling Array Traversal778746 +Ref: Controlling Array Traversal-Footnote-1787079 +Node: Array Sorting Functions787197 +Ref: Array Sorting Functions-Footnote-1791086 +Node: Two-way I/O791282 +Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1796223 +Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-2796409 +Node: TCP/IP Networking796491 +Node: Profiling799364 +Node: Advanced Features Summary807641 +Node: Internationalization809574 +Node: I18N and L10N811054 +Node: Explaining gettext811740 +Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1816765 +Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2816949 +Node: Programmer i18n817114 +Ref: Programmer i18n-Footnote-1821980 +Node: Translator i18n822029 +Node: String Extraction822823 +Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1823954 +Node: Printf Ordering824040 +Ref: Printf Ordering-Footnote-1826826 +Node: I18N Portability826890 +Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1829345 +Node: I18N Example829408 +Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1832211 +Node: Gawk I18N832283 +Node: I18N Summary832921 +Node: Debugger834260 +Node: Debugging835282 +Node: Debugging Concepts835723 +Node: Debugging Terms837576 +Node: Awk Debugging840148 +Node: Sample Debugging Session841042 +Node: Debugger Invocation841562 +Node: Finding The Bug842946 +Node: List of Debugger Commands849421 +Node: Breakpoint Control850754 +Node: Debugger Execution Control854450 +Node: Viewing And Changing Data857814 +Node: Execution Stack861192 +Node: Debugger Info862829 +Node: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands866846 +Node: Readline Support871875 +Node: Limitations872767 +Node: Debugging Summary874881 +Node: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic876049 +Node: Computer Arithmetic877465 +Ref: table-numeric-ranges881063 +Ref: Computer Arithmetic-Footnote-1881922 +Node: Math Definitions881979 +Ref: table-ieee-formats885267 +Ref: Math Definitions-Footnote-1885871 +Node: MPFR features885976 +Node: FP Math Caution887647 +Ref: FP Math Caution-Footnote-1888697 +Node: Inexactness of computations889066 +Node: Inexact representation890025 +Node: Comparing FP Values891382 +Node: Errors accumulate892464 +Node: Getting Accuracy893897 +Node: Try To Round896559 +Node: Setting precision897458 +Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings898142 +Node: Setting the rounding mode899931 +Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes900295 +Ref: Setting the rounding mode-Footnote-1903750 +Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers903929 +Ref: Arbitrary Precision Integers-Footnote-1908828 +Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems908977 +Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-1912850 +Node: Floating point summary912888 +Node: Dynamic Extensions915082 +Node: Extension Intro916634 +Node: Plugin License917900 +Node: Extension Mechanism Outline918697 +Ref: figure-load-extension919125 +Ref: figure-register-new-function920605 +Ref: figure-call-new-function921609 +Node: Extension API Description923595 +Node: Extension API Functions Introduction925045 +Node: General Data Types929869 +Ref: General Data Types-Footnote-1935608 +Node: Memory Allocation Functions935907 +Ref: Memory Allocation Functions-Footnote-1938746 +Node: Constructor Functions938842 +Node: Registration Functions940576 +Node: Extension Functions941261 +Node: Exit Callback Functions943558 +Node: Extension Version String944806 +Node: Input Parsers945471 +Node: Output Wrappers955348 +Node: Two-way processors959863 +Node: Printing Messages962067 +Ref: Printing Messages-Footnote-1963143 +Node: Updating `ERRNO'963295 +Node: Requesting Values964035 +Ref: table-value-types-returned964763 +Node: Accessing Parameters965720 +Node: Symbol Table Access966951 +Node: Symbol table by name967465 +Node: Symbol table by cookie969446 +Ref: Symbol table by cookie-Footnote-1973590 +Node: Cached values973653 +Ref: Cached values-Footnote-1977152 +Node: Array Manipulation977243 +Ref: Array Manipulation-Footnote-1978341 +Node: Array Data Types978378 +Ref: Array Data Types-Footnote-1981033 +Node: Array Functions981125 +Node: Flattening Arrays984979 +Node: Creating Arrays991871 +Node: Extension API Variables996640 +Node: Extension Versioning997276 +Node: Extension API Informational Variables999177 +Node: Extension API Boilerplate1000265 +Node: Finding Extensions1004074 +Node: Extension Example1004634 +Node: Internal File Description1005406 +Node: Internal File Ops1009473 +Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-11021143 +Node: Using Internal File Ops1021283 +Ref: Using Internal File Ops-Footnote-11023666 +Node: Extension Samples1023939 +Node: Extension Sample File Functions1025465 +Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch1033103 +Node: Extension Sample Fork1034594 +Node: Extension Sample Inplace1035809 +Node: Extension Sample Ord1037484 +Node: Extension Sample Readdir1038320 +Ref: table-readdir-file-types1039196 +Node: Extension Sample Revout1040007 +Node: Extension Sample Rev2way1040597 +Node: Extension Sample Read write array1041337 +Node: Extension Sample Readfile1043277 +Node: Extension Sample Time1044372 +Node: Extension Sample API Tests1045721 +Node: gawkextlib1046212 +Node: Extension summary1048849 +Node: Extension Exercises1052526 +Node: Language History1053248 +Node: V7/SVR3.11054904 +Node: SVR41057085 +Node: POSIX1058530 +Node: BTL1059919 +Node: POSIX/GNU1060653 +Node: Feature History1066277 +Node: Common Extensions1079375 +Node: Ranges and Locales1080699 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-11085317 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-21085344 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-31085578 +Node: Contributors1085799 +Node: History summary1091340 +Node: Installation1092710 +Node: Gawk Distribution1093656 +Node: Getting1094140 +Node: Extracting1094963 +Node: Distribution contents1096598 +Node: Unix Installation1102663 +Node: Quick Installation1103346 +Node: Shell Startup Files1105757 +Node: Additional Configuration Options1106836 +Node: Configuration Philosophy1108575 +Node: Non-Unix Installation1110944 +Node: PC Installation1111402 +Node: PC Binary Installation1112721 +Node: PC Compiling1114569 +Ref: PC Compiling-Footnote-11117590 +Node: PC Testing1117699 +Node: PC Using1118875 +Node: Cygwin1122990 +Node: MSYS1123813 +Node: VMS Installation1124313 +Node: VMS Compilation1125105 +Ref: VMS Compilation-Footnote-11126327 +Node: VMS Dynamic Extensions1126385 +Node: VMS Installation Details1128069 +Node: VMS Running1130321 +Node: VMS GNV1133157 +Node: VMS Old Gawk1133891 +Node: Bugs1134361 +Node: Other Versions1138244 +Node: Installation summary1144666 +Node: Notes1145722 +Node: Compatibility Mode1146587 +Node: Additions1147369 +Node: Accessing The Source1148294 +Node: Adding Code1149730 +Node: New Ports1155895 +Node: Derived Files1160377 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11165852 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21165886 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31166482 +Node: Future Extensions1166596 +Node: Implementation Limitations1167202 +Node: Extension Design1168450 +Node: Old Extension Problems1169604 +Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11171121 +Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1171178 +Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11174538 +Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1174727 +Node: Extension Future Growth1176835 +Node: Old Extension Mechanism1177671 +Node: Notes summary1179433 +Node: Basic Concepts1180619 +Node: Basic High Level1181300 +Ref: figure-general-flow1181572 +Ref: figure-process-flow1182171 +Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11185400 +Node: Basic Data Typing1185585 +Node: Glossary1188913 +Node: Copying1214071 +Node: GNU Free Documentation License1251627 +Node: Index1276763 End Tag Table |